The Hungarian winner of the MTV EMA Generation Change Award says an anti-LGBTQ law passed in June is enticing 'fear and censorship.' Hungarian MTV Award Winner on Life Under Country's LGBTQ Law . In 2017, the Japanese video website Niconico took down two videos posted from an internet protocol (IP) address in Osaka after municipal officials flagged them for violating a local ordinance regulating hate speech.3 Amid rising concerns over misinformation online - including surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, especially vaccines - Americans are now a bit more open to the idea of the U.S. government taking steps to restrict false information online.And a majority of the public continues to favor technology companies taking such action, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. (Kotaku also says that Japanese porn is painstakingly censored by hand, earning the highly skilled laborers $15 per hour.) A coalition of groups, including the Japan Internet Providers Association and the Movement of Internet Active Users, an organization that advocates for users rights, lobbied against the mandate, and mobile users can now select voluntary filters.9, Right to be forgotten cases increased around the same time as a landmark 2014 decision on the topic by the Court of Justice of the European Union. It is a troubling sign of the times in Japan when the government fails to unequivocally condemn threats of violence that target freedom of expression while politicians grandstand on censoring art. Do national regulatory bodies that oversee service providers and digital technology fail to operate in a free, fair, and independent manner? During the previous coverage period, Ishikawa Yumi, the woman who launched the #KuToo campaign, reported facing online harassment over her work, frequently from men (see B8).6, Physical violence in relation to online activities is rare. Implementation guidelines for the law described four main fields of state secretsdefense, diplomacy, counterintelligence, and counterterrorismwhich are further divided into 55 categories.2, Other laws prescribe potentially disproportionate penalties for online activity. Once the SIA receives a report, it will either file a police report or make a request for removal to the relevant domestic or overseas provider.18. the use of Googles Person Finder web application to facilitate rescue and recovery,2 Japanese and American Legal Systems. the change was expected to allow tourists who were supposed to visit Japan during the 2020 Summer Olympics to more easily access mobile services.10. During Diet sessions, when questions were raised as to whether the Ministry of Defense and the Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office were intercepting phone calls and e-mails, the government declined to answer.12. In 2017, the UNs special rapporteur for freedom of expression criticized the kisha club system.3 An online petition in support of the journalist also gathered more than 17,000 signatures.10. While Article 21 of the Constitution of Japan guarantees freedom of expression and prohibits formal censorship, effective censorship of obscene content does exist and is justified by the Article 175 of the Criminal Code of Japan. Some of those arrested were fined 100,000 ($906).5 No major foreign operators have successfully penetrated the telecommunications market independently. It can be done by various methods and for a range of justifications. In February 2019, civil society groups and ordinary users issued a joint statement asking the MIC to suspend the program,5 Asymmetric regulation, which creates stricter rules for providers with a higher market share, has helped diversify the industry.6, Beginning in 2014, the government required mobile service providers to unlock SIM cards at user request; this has made it easier for users to switch providers and use third-party prepaid SIM cards.7 22/2021, which came into force in February 2021, simplifies the licensing and certain other procedures required . YouTubers and Instagram personalities have also become increasingly influential in recent years. Ahead of the Okinawa gubernatorial election in September 2018, misinformation again spread online.4 The Agency for Cultural Affairs has jurisdiction over copyright law and provides guidance and supervision to copyright management organizations, including JASRAC. Osakas ordinance authorized the public identification of groups that disseminate hate speech, defined as communication which defames and aims to exclude a particular group based on race or ethnicity, including through online transmission, according to news reports.16 The laws authors struggled to balance restrictions on racial and ethnic slurs with freedom of expression guarantees in the constitution.5 Article 2. Shortly after NTT announced that it would comply with the governments request, a customer sued the company on the grounds that the blocking violated privacy guarantees.3, In the wake of the blocking attempts, the government indicated that it would introduce new legislation to expand its authority to formally order blocking, which current legislation allows only for sites found to host child sexual abuse images.4 Internet freedom continued to improve in Japan during this reporting period. Experts are concerned that the new policies to streamline data handling between the local and central governments will dilute personal information protections previously established by local governments and may enable increased government surveillance.11 Social Media Platforms; Prohibiting a social media platform from willfully deplatforming a candidate; providing requirements for public contracts and economic incentives related to entities that have been convicted or held civilly liable for antitrust violations; providing that social media platforms that fail to comply with specified After NTT Docomo became a wholly owned subsidiary of NTT in December 2020,4 The 2013 My Number law introduced a unique 12-digit number for all long-term residents used to access unified social welfare services and taxation purposes. In 2017, several municipalities asked for a clearer definition of hate speech under the law.7 In June 2019, the movements organizer, actress and freelance writer Ishikawa Yumi, submitted an online petition, which then bore almost 20,000 signatures, to the Health Ministry calling for an end to the requirement.4 Are individuals penalized for online activities, particularly those that are protected under international human rights standards? This code sets the age of consent for sexual activity at 13 for girls and 14 for boys, and it has remained unchanged since then. Besides benefiting Japanese consumers,9 Observers argue that the industry has generally improved since the MIC was established in 2001, which resulted from the merger of the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, and the governments Management and Coordination Agency.1, Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) supported by the relevant companies in these three sectors perform a self-regulatory function. The court has up to six months to decide whether to order a content provider to disclose the senders information, and can also order access providers to retain senders information during the proceedings. In July 2020, lawmakers from the Liberal Democratic Party urged the government to restrict the use of TikTok over concerns that Chinese officials might be able to access sensitive user data via the app.1 In 2016, the IHC began providing reports to Safe-line, a website maintained by the SIA.17 Offenders can face prison sentences of up to three years or fines as large as 500,000 ($4,534), and third-party distribution can draw up to a years imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 ($2,720).14 There are some known cases of the government or powerful groups proactively manipulating online news or other content. While these provisions were contested, and revisions are still planned,9 They include televisions Broadcasting Ethics and Program Improvement Organization and the Internet Content Safety Association, which manages the blocking of child sexual abuse images online.2 There is also a degree of self-censorship concerning human rights problems, in some cases linked to instances of apparent political pressure.2, Progovernment online commentators are prevalent across Japan. Look at western porn, the most fucked up shit that they make is incest and adults that looks like teens, in the other hand Japanese porn has the most fucked ul shit that you can ever see in porn, from rape to gruesome torture and pedophilia, just to show how the dumbness of governments is unlimited. In June 2020, Japan passed amendments to the Act on the Protection of Personal Information. Are there economic or regulatory constraints that negatively affect users ability to publish content online? After a three-month delay in rollout due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Rakuten Mobile launched 5G services in September 2020.4 although the program continued. Censorship in Japan has taken many forms throughout the history of the country. The information collected is reportedly stored for around two months, during which it is analyzed to determine if it is of interest to the DFS. Due in part to strong infrastructure, internet access is widely available to users in Japan. Do online journalists, commentators, and ordinary users practice self-censorship? A number of initiatives sprang up in response to the 2011 Fukushima disaster. Japan is a multiparty parliamentary democracy. No citizens faced politically motivated arrest or prosecution for their online activity during the coverage period. The ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has governed almost continuously since 1955, with stints in opposition from 1993 to 1994 and 2009 to 2012. No third party can do so. Some self-regulatory bodies also manage content and other issues. Authorities have used the law to convict the operators of manga piracy site Mangamura (see C2 and C3). Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/revuwuPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/RevsaysdesuTwitter: ht. Weibo, China's answer to Twitter, has long been a prime target for stringent online censorship thanks to its broad audience base and ability to help influence public opinion. According to a summary by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), since 2014, there have been fewer severe outages - specifically three to eight per year- compared to the previous decade.8 The article does not define what constitutes obscenity, leading to concerns that it could be invoked against artistic expression or used to curtail the rights of LGBT+ people.12. Japan is primarily a civil law country, and the United States is primarily a common law country. In February of that year, the Cabinet Office reportedly sent a letter demanding that the reporter be restricted from asking questions at press events. These included interactive maps to share public information about disaster relief,1 Between July and December 2020, Facebook restricted access to one piece of content in response to an order from Brazils Supreme Court related to pages that supported Brazilian President Bolsanaro.5 One thing that's quickly noticeable is how Japanese adult videos are censored. Reasons vary from keeping inappropriate material out of reach to trying to stop protests and other public demonstrations from being organized. In May 2021, the NICT released a summary of NOTICE-related activities, disclosing that it attempted to access 112 million IP addresses, and that the NOTICE alert detected 1,817 targets and notified service providers.6, The conspiracy law passed in 2017 raised the possibility of more government surveillance. The Act on the Protection of Specially Designated Secrets came into force in 2014, despite objections from the opposition, civil society, and protesters. In a 2008 report by the UN Human Rights Committee, they expressed concern about discrimination against LGBT people in several areas, including housing. In January 2021, the revised Copyright Act, which criminalizes the downloading of unlicensed manga, magazines, and academic publications, took effect. In February 2019, the NICT, under the MIC, launched the NOTICE program,4 In 2017, two people were sentenced to 18 months in prison, a three-year suspension, and a 500,000 ($4,534) fine for copyright-related offenses.2, Journalists who report on sensitive topics also face government and authorities pressure in the form of defamation lawsuits. Despite promises that the program will not target phones and personal computers, critics have expressed privacy concerns (see C5). Donald Trump's claim that his anti-BDS order "targets antisemitism" was presented as fact in the New York Times headline ( 12/10/19 . On February 19, 2021, the Justice Ministry announced that 20,120 mobile phone calls were tapped in 20 cases during 2020, leading to 152 arrests. Media scrutiny of reportage involving the 2011 disaster has continued. Under voluntary guidelines drafted by four ISPs in 2005, service providers automatically inform police of internet users identified on websites that endorse suicide, and comply with law enforcement requests for information related to acts of self-harm.13 The Act on Prevention of Improper Use of Mobile Phones (2005) requires mobile voice communication carriers to verify the identity of subscribers when a contract was terminated or transferred, in order to prevent a situation in which cell phone subscribers cannot be identified. For this article, we consider these bodies to be government entities. In 2007, the MIC ordered mobile service providers to install filtering software that would enable parents to control the content seen by their children. The National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGHM) announced that it was the target of about 5.3 million ransomware attacks in 2020, compared to 1.2 million incidents in 2019, though they reported that sensitive research and personal information was not compromised during these attacks.12. Changes to broadcasting laws in 1950 prohibited the government from direct interference with programmingthough its board of governors is still appointed by the prime minister and its budget approved by the Dietand permitted the establishment of private commercial broadcasting stations. Kisha clubs and an advertising market that favors established players may be preventing digital media from gaining a stronger foothold in the market. (Feb. 22, 2021) On December 30, 2020, Russian Federation President Vladimir Putin signedFederal Law No. The move raised serious concerns over whether blocking was constitutionally allowed, and the government later indicated that it would introduce legislation to broaden its blocking authority (see B3). A Change.org petition calling for Mori's resignation garnered more than 145,000 signatures in one week. As of 2021, the internet penetration rate for households stood at 93 percent.2, Providers continue to develop telecommunications infrastructure, in part to alleviate mobile network congestion. A 2016 law outlined measures that authorities could take to educate the public about hate speech, while also combating such speech when directed against people of overseas origin and their descendants.4 Major mobile service providers require customers to present identification documents in order to subscribe. Those who violate the revised law face up to two years imprisonment, a 2 million ($18,138) fine, or both. In the future, says one pundit, that will change. A Myanmar citizen has filed a complaint at the Norwegian Data Protection Authority against Telenor Group under Article 77(1) of the European Union . In November 2020, Capcom, a prominent video game company, reported that it paid a 1.1 billion ($9.9 million) ransom in exchange for the recovery of stolen materials.11 The Imperial Throne shall be dynastic and succeeded to in accordance with the Imperial House Law passed by the Diet. Are there laws that assign criminal penalties or civil liability for online activities, particularly those that are protected under international human rights standards? Japans antistalking law, originally enacted in 2000, was revised in 2013 to address email harassment, and further revised in 2016 to penalize repeated blog posts or messages on social networking services.15. There is full competition in the ownership of gateways to the international internet.1 Ensafi's team found that censorship is increasing in 103 of the countries studied, including unexpected places like Norway, Japan, Italy, India, Israel and Polandcountries which the paper notes are rated as some of the freest in the world by advocacy group Freedom House. While the censorship and oppression Imperial Japan committed against journalists and the Japanese left pales in comparison to its actions and cover-ups in countries such as China, Korea and the Philippines, it should nonetheless be publicized and confronted. The book concludes by assessing the current state of censorship in Japan and likely future developments. Internet censorship is the suppression of information online or access to the internet by a regulatory body. The provider notifies the individual who posted the content and fulfills the request with the posters permissionor without it if the individual fails to respond. Article 21 of Japans constitution prohibits censorship and protects freedom of speech, press, and all other forms of expression, as well as the secrecy of any means of communication.1 In April 2021, a bill was unanimously passed and enacted in the Diet which amends the Provider Liability Limitation Act to make it easier to identify users who allegedly slander people on the internet. In Japan it is now against the law to be mean on the internet. Score Change: The score improved from 5 to 6 because the government did not block any websites or platforms during the coverage period. Some companies report on data requests they receive from government agencies. #censorship. Access to the internet remains relatively equal across different segments of the population. The MIC requested that four industry associations monitor false or unsubstantiated content circulating about the disaster online. Individuals and public figures who break this social convention risk censure and even attacks from right-wing extremists, who notoriously attempted to assassinate the mayor of Nagasaki on these grounds in 1990. Cyberattacks occasionally target civil society and private companies, although none were reported during the coverage period. Due to Tokuras previous position and his lobbying efforts on behalf of JASRAC, his appointment sparked concerns about his ability to balance protecting the rights of artists and creators while also ensuring the freedom of individuals who use copyrighted works.8. The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the People, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power. 482-FZ on Amendments to the Federal Law on Enforcement Actions Regarding Persons Involved in Violations of Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms and the Rights and Freedoms of the Russian Federation Citizens. During the current ordinary session of the Diet, the Japanese government plans to revise the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act in order to prevent the long-term detention of foreign. Japanese residents exercise some self-censorship online, often on historical and social issues. In May 2018, public broadcaster NHK and the Intercept reported on the activities of the Directorate for Signals Intelligence (DFS), a spy agency that monitors and analyzes electronic communications.15 Since the laws introduction, many cities have subsequently moved to legislate against hate speech (see C2). Under the amended law, an individual can request the court to disclose information about a sender who posted defamatory content. Are websites, governmental and private entities, service providers, or individual users subject to widespread hacking and other forms of cyberattack? It criminalized planning to commit a series of newly designated serious crimes that could supposedly fund terrorism, including copyright violations, potentially making more suspects subject to wiretaps. In March 2020, the government approved a revision of the Copyright Act, criminalizing the downloading of unlicensed manga, magazines, and academic publications with a prison term of up to two years, a fine of 2 million ($18,000), or both. In the United States, codified law can be found at all jurisdictional levels, and may control the outcome of a dispute. Does state surveillance of internet activities infringe on users right to privacy? Update: February 8, 2022 A ccess Now and civil society organizations from across the globe are calling on the international community and technology companies to stand with the people of Myanmar and resist the coup both physical and digital. Many people lost service for days or weeks, and mobile phone usage dropped by almost half in the affected areas.10. The new Hong Kong national security law, the basis for Britain's admonition to Browder, provides for the indictment of anyone, anywhere, for speech seen as inimical to Chinese security interests. Chinese groups BlackTech and Tick were reportedly behind the breaches.7 A number of laws regulate online activity, including by imposing civil and criminal liability. In 2002, industry associations produced guidelines designed to protect ISPs from legal liability within the jurisdiction of the Japanese courts. The server is misbehaving. Article 3. Many experts have indicated their concern about ambiguous components of the law that could be abused. NTT, formerly a state monopoly, was privatized in 1985 and reorganized in 1999 under a law promoting functional separation between the companys mobile, fixed-line telephone, and internet services.5 Some companies cooperate with investigative authorities by turning over their users' data without receiving a court order. Individuals can generally use the internet anonymously in Japan. An earlier Intercept report from 2017 analyzed leaked documents that suggested Japanese police and intelligence agencies were involved in in regional surveillance operations managed by the US National Security Agency (NSA). At the same time, the actions depicted onscreen, and the wider themes of the story, are entirely free of any restrictions. Kisha clubs include reporters covering institutions such as government ministries or major corporations but are only open to traditional media companies.1 Do state or nonstate actors employ legal, administrative, or other means to force publishers, content hosts, or digital platforms to delete content, particularly material that is protected by international human rights standards? 1850 M St. NW Floor 11 In 2021, Japan faces some of the biggest social, political, and economic changes of a lifetime. Japans Supreme Court protects privacy in part through its interpretation of Article 13 of the constitution, which provides for the right to life and liberty.1 March 23, 2021, 2:30 PM Japan granted asylum to less than 1 percent of refugees and asylum-seekers who applied in 2019, despite having the third-largest economy in the world. Do infrastructural limitations restrict access to the internet or the speed and quality of internet connections? 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japanese censorship laws change 2021