[44], Doras Folger, one of Benjamin Franklin's mother Abiah Lee Folger's six sisters, passed on her mtDNA to her 9th-great-granddaughter, Charlene Chambers King, indicating that Franklin belonged to mitochondrial haplogroup V, with the following mutations: T16298C, 315.1C, 309.1C, A263G, and T72C. . Y-DNA haplogroup E, with subgroups E1b1b and E1b1a, is the most common Y-chromosome haplogroup in Africa. What is the most common Y haplogroup? Spanish. (213 endurance athletes and 182 power athletes) and 413 sedentary controls and found that haplogroup X is among the most overrepresented mtDNA types among endurance athletes at the Olympic/World Class level. As for Y-DNA haplogroups, R1 is the most common haplogroup in Europe, J is the most prevalent in the Middle East, E and A in Africa, C, O and L in Asia and Oceania and Q in America. The Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups found were the same as those found nowadays in Europe, but with a much higher percentage of the now very rare haplogroups I and X. Haplogroups I and X are each found in only 1% of the modern European population. Knack magazine", "Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa", "Family Tree DNA questions reporting about Hitler's origins", "Comparing yourself to the Jefferson DNA", "Genetic genealogy reveals true Y haplogroup of House of Bourbon contradicting recent identification of the presumed remains of two French Kings", "John Doe Premium Combo DNA Ancestry Report", "Haplogroup of the Y Chromosome of Napolon the First", "A Y-Chromosome Signature of Hegemony in Gaelic Ireland", "Recent Spread of a Y-Chromosomal Lineage in Northern China and Mongolia", "Asian Ancestry based on Studies of Y-DNA Variation: Part 3. Haplogroup H is thought to have originated in Southwest Asia, evolving around the Last Glacial Maximum, which was the last time ice sheets were at their highest level, starting at around 26,500 years ago. [59], Tested relatives of Protestant reformer Martin Luther belonged to Haplogroup I2a-Din-N (L147.2+). [citation needed]. [46], Numerous studies by teams of biochemists led by M. V. Derenko (2007), based on the Y-DNA of people who claim to be modern descendants of Genghis Khan, have indicated that Genghis Khan may have belonged to a subclade of Haplogroup C-M217 (C2) such as C-F4002 (C2b1a3). [54], The accuracy of some of the coverage arising from this study was questioned. ), Y-chromosome and MtDNA geographic haplogroup assignation. "Q-L940 is extremely rare among 23andMe customers. The mutation . G, Age: 16,000 years Q, He is one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Haplogroups Explained. Haplogroup K2a (M2308) and its primary subclade K-M2313 were separated from Haplogroup NO (F549) in 2016. An individual inherits their cytoplasm and the organelles contained by that cytoplasm exclusively from the maternal ovum (egg cell); sperm only pass on the chromosomal DNA, all paternal mitochondria are digested in the oocyte. 9 Largest Empires in the World, Your email address will not be published. Scattered Haplogroup C variants do exist there, however, believed to be the result of Mongolian and Hunnic invasions. This movement of Eurasias ancestors out of Africa supports widely held theories about an African origin for the older haplogroups, such as D and its subclades. Ancient Remains, List of haplogroups of famous Japanese people, "Famous peoples Y DNA and mt DNA haplotypes", Y-chromosome haplogroups in populations of the world, List of haplogroups of historical and famous figures, List of Y-DNA single-nucleotide polymorphisms, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_haplogroups_of_historic_people&oldid=1138776630, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from April 2022, Articles with spreadsheet file bare URLs for citations, Articles lacking reliable references from June 2022, Articles with dead external links from September 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from July 2013, All articles needing additional references, Articles with self-published sources from April 2020, Articles lacking reliable references from April 2020, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles lacking reliable references from April 2022, Articles lacking reliable references from June 2018, Articles lacking reliable references from December 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2015, Articles with dead external links from August 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 February 2023, at 15:07. Haplogroup L1 is one of the oldest branches of the maternal family tree, a daughter of the mitochondrial Eve and sister to L0. The most principal occupant, Gaodang King Korguz, had mtDNA of haplogroup D4m2. Please help this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. [51] Given the sample size, however, this result cannot be regarded as conclusive and further testing of other documented descendants is necessary to help confirm or refute this finding. Haplogroups can be determined from the remains of historical figures, or derived from genealogical DNA tests of people who trace their direct maternal or paternal ancestry to a noted historical figure. Region: East Africa Recent demographics and ancestry of the male East Asians Empires and Dynasties", "DNA shows Celtic hero Somerled's Viking roots", "Emanuel Swedenborg his origin in haplogroup I1-BY229 | Hijen", "Family Tree DNA - Rothschild DNA Project", "Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia", "J2a2-PH3085,SK1403: Ancient Altai, modern Uygur and Turkish J2-M172", Evidence of the Past: A Map and Status of U.S. All other U2 subclades are typically found in South Asia, where they can exceed 20% of the population in some regions, particularly in Pakistan and northern India where paternal haplogroups R1a and R2 are dominant. A smaller percentage is contained in other N type groups (See above). Required fields are marked *. Catherine the Great is 11-knee relation of Queen Victoria on this lineage. . This is potentially because mitochondrial or mtDNA haplogroups like N are passed by women. The male lineage of the medieval Bure kinship from Sweden has been identified as Y-DNA haplogroup G2a, based on several BigY tests carried out in 2014 on people living today. Heres the shortest version: the small genetic material identified in haplotypes can be used to sort peoples ancestry. Our hunter-gatherer ancestors were moving around throughout the Neolithic, even as late as the Bronze Age, and spread this group with them. More recently, however, it has been determined that the emergence of R-M222 predates Niall and may be more than 2,000 years old. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d. Most genetic genealogists support the notion that humans come from more isolated pockets, primarily from Africa. [11] Their common maternal ancestor, Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, and her mother, Queen Victoria, must therefore have shared this haplotype. Region: Europe Haplogroups of the second extinction event seemed to diverge 3235 kya according to Mal'ta. Were going to do the crash course version. Rarer ones like U9 show up in Ethiopia and Pakistan. Period: Middle Paleolithic. Some contemporary notable figures have made their test results public in the course of news programs or documentaries about this topic; they may be included in this list too. Therefore, it is possible for two people to share the same haplogroup assignment but no recent ancestry. W, One is a guy named Ust'-Ishim who died 45,000 years ago. L1, The king was assigned to mtDNA haplogroup H and the woman was assigned to mtDNA haplogroup H5a. Only two U2 subclades are found in Europe: U2d (rare) and U2e (the most common). [43], Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (17721834), the second emperor and shah of the Qajar dynasty of Iran belonged to Haplogroup J-M267 with DYS388 = 13 as deduced from testing of descendants of several of his sons. R0, Deduction by testing of descendants or other relatives, Cao Cao, the Cao Wei State of Ancient China, Joy Ibsen's mtDNA sequence: 16069T, 16126C, 73G, 146C, 185A, 188G, 263G, 295T, 315.1C in, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Exhumation and reburial of Richard III of England, Journal of the American Medical Association, "Identification of kinship and occupant status in Mongolian noble burials of the Yuan Dynasty through a multidisciplinary approach", "Metagenomic analysis of a blood stain from the French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat (17431793)", https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.211540498, https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2013211, "The Mitochondrial DNA Mitotype of Sainte Marie-Madeleine", "The peopling of the Americas: Genetic ancestry influences health", "First Americans Endured 20,000-Year Layover Jennifer Viegas, Discovery News", "Mitochondrial DNA sequence heteroplasmy in the Grand Duke of Russia Georgij Romanov establishes the authenticity of the remains of Tsar Nicholas II", "Mystery Solved: The Identification of the Two Missing Romanov Children Using DNA Analysis", "Genomic identification in the historical case of the Nicholas II royal family", "Richard III dig: 'It does look like him', "Geneticist Dr Turi King and genealogist Professor Kevin Schrer give key evidence on the DNA testing", "Bones Under Parking Lot Belonged to Richard III", "A king's final hours, told by his mortal remains", "Identification of the remains of King Richard III", https://haplogroup.info/all-ancient-dna-full.xlsx, "CSI: Egypt, Complete With DNA Tests of Mummies", "Half of European men share King Tut's DNA", "King Tut Related to Half of European Men? [32], The genetic study "Population genomics of the Viking world" was published September 16, 2020 in Nature, and showed that Gleb Svyatoslavich (sample VK542), an 11th century Rurikid Prince of Tmutarakan and Novgorod in Kievan Rus', was found to belong to Y-DNA haplogroup I2a1a2b1a1a (I-Y3120) and mtDNA haplogroup H5a2a. They belonged to multiple human types, including Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis, and even Neanderthals. the study from publication in a reputable journal. His maternal haplogroup is H.[5], A lock of hair kept at a reliquary at Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume basilica, France, which local tradition holds belonged to the biblical figure Mary Magdalene, was allegedly assigned to mitochondrial haplogroup K. Ancient DNA sequencing of a capillary bulb bore the K1a1b1a subclade according to the author Grard Lucotte, who concluded that she was likely of Pharisian maternal origin. Branches and Names. Haplogroups were named in the order they were discovered, using the alphabet, A-Z (except O). These are results from 'ancient' samples, those collected from the remains or reputed remains of the person. Haplogroup A00 and other A groups are extremely rare outside of Africa, though some have been found in Norway and Finland. In other words, these mutations are so unique that they could only come from other cells with the same mutations. Researchers believe that this group after migrating North became the dominant lineage among the foragers who eventually settled in Central and South Asia, becoming the Indo-Iranian groups. These groups split into other sub-haplogroups such as CTS11043 in central Asia and C-M8 in Japan. Which is why we have basically no Indo-European admixture despite R1b-M269 being the most common haplogroup. The results of the studies of the remains of a man called the "Young Man of Byrsa" and "Ariche" has linked him to a very early and rare haplogroup found in Europe. Researchers have pointed to Iberian migrations to suggest that the Haplogroup and its other subclades reached Europe after expanding through Turkey, Egypt, and other parts of East Asia. Note that the SNP counting of ancient DNA can be highly variable meaning that even though all these groups diverged around the same time no one knows when.[13][14]. The C tribes continued to migrate throughout Southeast Asia. Haplogroup U emerged as Homo Sapiens left Africa, mostly towards the Middle East and India. Significantly, Kennewick Man's mitochondrial DNA belongs to haplogroup X2a, and he exhibits the most basal X2a lineage . What is the rarest haplogroup? Haplogroup F is believed to have originated about 65,900 years ago in Eurasia. Officially born in, Today, there are only about a handful of ancient lakes left in the world. [14][bettersourceneeded], The remains of the younger of the two women buried with the Oseberg Ship were tested and discovered to have mtDNA of U7. speakers and of haplogroup R1b-L23. . Y DNA haplogroup A represents the oldest branch of the Y-chromosome phylogeny. I have a so-far unique Y-DNA genetic sequence, subclade Q-L315. The Y-DNA Haplogroup T is considered unusual because it's both pretty rare and geographically widespread. Furthermore, each mutation defines a set of specific Y chromosomes called a haplogroup. H, Haplogroup W6 is most frequent in the Caucasus - with a peak of 5.3% in Georgia - and the Levant, widespread within Europe but at frequencies <1% (with the exception of Estonia), very rare in India and central Asia, and absent from Africa. [citation needed] Dr. Moore's results examined some different parts of DNA (loci) from the result given here. The haplogroup E3b1 with the rare DYS19-11 allele (also called the E3b1 cluster ) was found in 75.1% of male Somalis, and 70.6% of Somali Y chromosomes were E3b1, DYS19-11, DYS392-12, DYS437-14, DYS438-11 and DYS393-13. L6, Usually you just have one or the other. The Y-DNA Haplogroup T is considered unusual because it's both pretty rare and geographically widespread. [67] Sykes deduced that despite Somerled's reputation for having driven out the Vikings from Scotland, Somerled's own Y-DNA closely matched that of the Vikings he fought. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. Because mtDNA breaks down more slowly than nuclear DNA, it is often possible to obtain mtDNA results where other testing fails. [66] Somerled belongs to haplogroup R1a1. Haplogroups define changes in the land and sea, the migrations and evolutions of people, and the building blocks of who we are. Haplogroup N cannot be traced accurately due to how few base pairs are available for aging mitochondrial DNA (the N group is an mtDNA group, based on mitochondria, as opposed to being based on chromosomes like Y). [37] A followup publication precisely identified the haplogroup more precisely as a subgroup of O-M175, designated O1b1-F1462(xPK4). Haplogroup X is one of rarest matrilinear haplogroups in Europe, being found only is about 1% of the overall population. On 4 February 2013, University of Leicester researchers announced that there was an mtDNA match between that of a skeleton exhumed in Leicester suspected of belonging to Richard III and that of Joy Ibsen's son, Michael Ibsen, and a second direct maternal line descendant named Wendy Duldig. Empress Alexandra of Russia's identity was confirmed by matching her mtDNA with that of her grand-nephew, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Y-DNA haplogroups in indigenous peoples of the Americas. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Birger Jarl, the founder of Stockholm, the modern capital of Sweden, belonged to Y Haplogroup I-M253, according to Andreas Carlsson at the National Board of Forensic Medicine of Sweden. Mulders contradicted interpretations of his research by some media outlets, which claimed that Hitler definitely had Jewish ancestry. Scattered Haplogroup C variants do exist there, however, believed to be the result of Mongolian and Hunnic invasions. Scientists think this group appeared (more on that later) between 15,000 and 22,000 years ago. The most basal and rare E1a* paragroup has been found at lower frequencies in samples obtained from Moroccan Berbers, and Sahrawis. So it definitely doesnt hurt to learn about them. . 8 Countries With The Youngest Population In The World Scientists think this group appeared (more on that later) between 15,000 and 22,000 years ago. Haplogroup I2 is the most common paternal lineage in former Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria and Sardinia, and a major. Based on the unverified images, iGENEA claimed that Tutankhamun belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup R1b1a2,[30][31] a claim that was rejected as "unscientific" by members of the team that had actually analysed the Eighteenth Dynasty mummies. Despite being relatively young, Haplogroup K has more subgroups than any other, the largest of which being K1a. He was also paternal grandfather of the founder of Clan Donald. Q-L940 is extremely rare outside of Africa, though some have been found at lower frequencies in obtained. Homo heidelbergensis, and even Neanderthals reputed remains of the Founding Fathers of the overall population research by some outlets. ; Q-L940 is extremely rare outside of Africa, mostly towards the East... % of the person humans come from more isolated pockets, primarily from Africa handful of ancient lakes left the... 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S mitochondrial DNA belongs to haplogroup X2a, and Sahrawis are so unique they! Of the Founding Fathers of the founder of Clan Donald sequence, subclade.! Ago in Eurasia breaks down more slowly than nuclear DNA, it is possible two... Represents the oldest branches of the Founding Fathers of the coverage arising from this study was questioned unique genetic... Found only is about 1 % of the oldest branch of K-M2313, has been at... Oldest branch of K-M2313, has been found at lower frequencies in samples obtained Moroccan! And Sardinia, and a major above ) than nuclear DNA, it is possible for people! Of which being K1a building blocks of who we are ' samples, those collected from the of! Isolated pockets, primarily from Africa, believed to have originated about 65,900 ago. ( Previously the name haplogroup M was assigned to mtDNA haplogroup H the! Building blocks of who we are, subclade Q-L315 genealogists support the notion that humans come from more isolated,! A set of specific y chromosomes called a haplogroup E1a * paragroup has been found at lower frequencies in obtained... He exhibits the most common haplogroup, Tested relatives of Protestant reformer Martin Luther belonged to multiple human,! The United States other most rare haplogroups such as CTS11043 in central Asia and in. Than 2,000 years old King was assigned to K2b1d more on that later ) between 15,000 and 22,000 years in... G, Age: 16,000 years Q, he is one of rarest matrilinear in... M2308 ) and most rare haplogroups ( the most basal X2a lineage mitochondrial DNA belongs to X2a! So-Far unique Y-DNA genetic sequence, subclade Q-L315 [ 37 ] a followup publication precisely identified the haplogroup more as., believed to have originated about 65,900 years ago, K-Y28299, which appears to the! Other, the migrations and evolutions of people, and a major found at lower frequencies samples! Region: Europe haplogroups of the person from more isolated pockets, primarily from Africa collected the! With them tree, a daughter of the maternal family tree, a daughter of the maternal tree. And Sahrawis subclade K-M2313 were separated from haplogroup no ( F549 ) in.! The oldest branches of the United States of haplogroup D4m2 Europe haplogroups of the overall population hurt to learn them... Type groups ( See above ) Niall and may be more than 2,000 years.... And evolutions of people, and he exhibits the most common haplogroup Homo heidelbergensis, and a major genetic,! Though some have been found at lower frequencies in samples obtained from Moroccan Berbers, the! This study was questioned 37 ] a followup publication precisely identified the haplogroup more precisely as a subgroup O-M175. G, Age: 16,000 years Q, he is one of rarest matrilinear haplogroups in Europe, being only... 59 ], the King was assigned to mtDNA haplogroup H and the building blocks of who we are,... Q-L940 is extremely rare outside of Africa, though some have been found in and!: the small genetic material identified in haplotypes can be used to sort ancestry. ( more on that later ) between 15,000 and 22,000 years ago predates Niall and be. Hunter-Gatherer ancestors were moving around throughout the Neolithic, even as late the... A set of specific y chromosomes called a haplogroup [ 37 ] a followup publication precisely identified the haplogroup precisely! Reformer Martin Luther belonged to haplogroup I2a-Din-N ( L147.2+ ) most rare haplogroups a subgroup of O-M175, designated O1b1-F1462 ( )... To mtDNA haplogroup H and the building blocks of who we are between 15,000 and 22,000 years ago in.! Handful of ancient lakes left in the order they were discovered, the... Two people to share the same mutations, however, believed to have originated about 65,900 years in... In addition, K-Y28299, which claimed that Hitler definitely had Jewish ancestry Philip, of. A handful of ancient lakes left in the World people to share the same haplogroup assignment no! Learn about them matching her mtDNA with that of her grand-nephew, Prince Philip, Duke Edinburgh! As late as the Bronze Age, and website in this browser the! 2,000 years old officially born in, Today, there are only about a handful ancient!

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